Automatically-opening stud-setter.



FRANKLIN ALFRED ERRINGTON, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

AUTOMATICALIiY-OPENING STUD-SETTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 28, 1904. Serial No. 214,556.

. IPatented July 6, 1909.

To all ichom 'it may concern:

ments in Automatically-Opening Stud-Setters, of which the following is a specification.

. My invention relates broadly to friction clutches and to means for disengaging a subsidiary clutch by and during the slipping of the members of said primary driving riction clutch; and more particularly to means for setting a stud by an ad ustable frictlon clutch, and disengaging a split-nut clutch from the friction driven member of the friction clutch and from the stud; and the invention further consists in the novel details of improvements and the combinations of arts that will be more fully hereinafter set orth and then ointed out in the claims.

The princi af object of my invention is to disengage a riction driven member or body from its ultimately driven part, (such as a shaft, tool or other point of application of the power transmitted through the frictional contact of the driving and driven members of the friction clutch) by and during the ill- (lependent rotation of the members of said friction clutch, and thereby automatically relieve the strain of the frictional tension at the point of its application, upon the completion of the work or upon the occurrence of any undue strain thatwould endanger breakage of the mechanism or injury to the device or work; whereas in all previous frictional devices for this purpose the relief was not automatic, but the tension of the frictional drive and the slipping of the frictional surfaces were continuous until relieved by the operator stopping or reversing the machine.

In illustrating the application of my invention to the releasing of a friction clutch from a stud, after setting the stud at the desired tension of the friction clutch, it will be seen that the independent rotation of the members of the friction clutch actuates the means I have shown of opening the split-nut clutch, and thereby automatically releasing the stud from the rotary strain of the driving friction clutch.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical cross-section of a device embodying my invention, the parts being illustrated in the open position. Fig. 2 is a similar view of the" parts in the working position being a section of Fig. 5 on the line 36 Fig. 3 is a similar view of the parts illustrating them in an intermediate position during their passage from the working to the open position, showing how the jaclcscrew operates to move the s lit-nut clutch and the friction driven mem er axially apart, or along each other during the independent rotation of the driving and driven members of the friction clutch. Fig. 4 is an external view of the device in the open position, but the view is taken after a quarter turn to the right from that shown in Fig. 1, to bring into view the lug and slot of the friction clutch and the slot and clutch-rod that connect the split-nut clutch with the friction driven body. Fig. 5 is an end view of Fig. 2 with the stud removed, and looking at the bottom and have limited movement axially thereof.

Springs 6 and 7 are preferably placed at 0 posite ends of the axially movable j aelrscrew 5, whereby the screw 5 floats between its spring ends. I preferably complete the friction clutch by providing a friction driven body 8 with a screw-threaded cup at its inner end, into which I screw an adjusting nut 9, and I then interpose a fiber washer 10 between the flange 2 and the friction driven body 8, and another fiber washer 11 between the adjusting-nut 9 and the flange 2, this washer 11 being provided with a lug 12 that meshes with a slot 13 cut into the side walls of the screw-threaded cup of bony 8 (see Figs. 1 and 4). By this arrangement'it will be seen that the adjusting members 8, 9, 11

. are all locked to rotate in unison, so that the slipping of the friction driving member 2 will not affect the tension of the frictional contact of the driving and driven members of the friction clutch. Other forms of friction 5 clutches could readily be employed to coa'ct with the features of my invention.

Theouter end of body 8 is shown bored out to form an inner clutch-chamber 14;, 15, 16

whose opposed'side Walls provide inner internal thrust-faces at 15 and outer internal thrust-faces at 16 (the terms inner and "outer being taken with respect to their relative locations longitudinally of body 8),

said sets of internal thrust-faces being sepa- 15 rated from each other by an intervening recess 17, which 1 preferably term an outer clutch-chamber 17, having reference to the lateral locations of said clutch-chambers relatively to the axis of body 8. A similar lateral escapement or outer clutch-chamber 18 is provided at the mouth of the clutch-chamber 14, 15, 16, each of said outer clutch-chambers 17, 18 extending laterally beyond its associate internal thrust-face 15, 2 5 16 respectively, thus subdividing the clutchchamber 14, 15, 16 according to the functions of its respective sections into a series of inner and outer clutch-chambers 15, 17 and 16, 18 V respectively, all being located in line with the axis of body 8. The side walls of clutchchamber 14, 15, 16 are shown pierced by opposing slots 19, through which project the ends of a clutch-bar or key 20, the ends of which engage into a concentric groove 21 in a ring 22 that surrounds the body 8. Openings 23 in ring 22 permit the entrance and exit of the clutch-bar 20. The clutch-bar 20 asses through a split-nut clutch 25 which is lbcated in clutch-chamber 1 1, the sections of said split-nut clutch 25 being connected together by clutch-bar 20 to rotate in unison with body 8, and this connection also permits the free axial movement of the split-nut clutch 25, the bar 20 and ring 22 along the body 8. The inner end of split-nut clutch 25 is shown provided with a screw threaded bore 26 to mesh with the jack-screw 5, and the outer end of said split-nut clutch 25 has been illustrated as having an internally 5c screw-threaded socket 27 to mesh with a screw-stud or other ultimately driven part, tool, shaft or piece of work 28.

The split-nut clutch 25 is provided with a series of projections and indentures upon its periphery, the outer surfaces of the projections providing inner external thrustfaees 29 and outer external thrust-faces 30, so designated with reference to their respective locations longitudinally of body 8, said external thrust-faces being shown located in line to form a double-bearing of said splitnut clutchupon the-double set of internal thrust-faces 15, 16 of the inner clutch-chamber14, 15, 16. The difference between the extreme diameter of the split-nut clutch 25 i i v 927,028

at its external thrust-faces 29, 30 and the mean diameter of said split-nut clutch on either side of said external thrust-faces is sufficient to permit the internally threaded faces 26, 27 of the split-nut 25 to clear the threads of the jack-screw 5 and the screw stud 28 u on the external thrust-faces 29, 30 of the s lit-nut 25 passing out of line with the interna thrust-faces 15, 16 of the body 8 and expanding into the outer clutch-chambers 17, 18 provided for their reception, when the sections of split-nut clutch 25 move radially of body 8 into the open position see Fig. 1). The multi le bearing of each section of the split-nut e utch 25 upon the side walls of the g0 inner clutch 25 upon the side walls of the inner clutch-chamber 14, 15, 16 thus obtained for its multiple external thrust-faces 29, 30 maintainsthe two sections of the split-nut clutch parallel with each other and their in- 5 ternally screw-threaded portions 26, 27 at all times parallel with the externally screwthreaded portions of the jack-screw 5 and stud 28. This maintenance of the alinement of all the coacting movable parts being 93 particularly necessary for the proper reassembling of these parts from the open to the closed positions, I have preferably shown the inner and outer clutch-chambers as separated from each other by sloping steps or cam- 95 faces leading from 15 to 17 and from 16 to 18, so that upon suitable inward axial ressure being a plied to the axially movab e parts, the mu tiple bearing of the inner and outer external thrust-faces 29, 30 simultaneously upon the aforesaid multiple cam-faces or sloping steps, not only coacts to move the two sections of the s lit-nut clutch 25 inwardly toward each ot er (thereby removing the projections 29, 30 from the outer clutchchambers 17, 18 and bringing the external thrust-faces 29, 30 into line with the internal thrust-faces 15, 16), but, by exerting said inward lateral pressure simultaneously at each end of each section of the split-nut clutch 25 119 the alinement of the intermeshing screwthreaded portions of'jack-screw 5 and splitnut clutch 25 is assured during the .reassembling of all the axially movable parts.

It will be seen that the bore 26 at the inner tached to the longitudinally movable spindle of a lever-feeddrill press as usually con- 12 structed, by which the operator can readily raise or lower the device to or from the work. The operation of the device may be described as follows :-The tension of the frictional contact of the driving and driven friction mem- "body 8 free to be here 2, 8- being adjusted by screwing the adjusting-nut 9 intojthe body 8, and the shank 1' being rotated to the righthand, the parts will be in open position illustrated in Fig. 1. It being customary to screw by hand the stud 28 a few threads into the hole 31 tapped into a piece of work 32, the operator pushes the ring 22 inwardly of the body 8, bringing the split-nut 25 and jack-screw 5 up into the workmg position shown in Fig. 2, through the medium of the clutch-bar 20, whose ends run around in the concentric groove provided in ring 22 for that purpose, the ring 22 remaining stationary in the hand of the operator, while all the other parts of the device rotate. The device is now brought down upon the stud 28, which screws up into the bore 27 until the u per end of the stud 28 abuts against the abutment 33 provided at the inner end of the screw-threaded bore 27. The stud 28 will now. be firmly clamped to body 8 by the split-nut clutch 25, and the continued rotation of the device will screw the stud 28 down into the tapped hole 31.

until the lower end of the stud 28 strikes the bottom of the hole 31, whereu on the tension of the frictional contact of the driving and driven friction members 2, 8 will be overcome, and they will immediately commence to rotate independently, which 0 rates to turn the left hand threaded jae -screw 5 out of the correspondingly threaded bore 26 of the split-nut clutch 25. The cessation of rotation of body 8, due to the inde endent rotation of the friction members, wi 1 act as a signal to the operator to attempt to raise the drill press spindle, and thereby leaves the ushed upward by the jack-screw 5, and t e inward axial movement of jack-screw 5 being limited by its abutment against the inner end of the bore 3 in shank 1, it will be seen that the continued out of line with the internal thrust-faces 15, 16 of the body 8, whereupon the sections of the split-nut clutch 25 will immediately 0 n radially, by itsr projecting external t rust-faces 29, 30 expanding into the outer clutch-chambers 17, 18, and the split-nut clutch 25 will thereb be disconnected from the stud 28, which Wi 1 be left standing in the work. Simultaneously with the releasing of the stud 28, the threads of the bore 26 are cleared from the jack-screw 5, whose spring 6 pushes the screw 5 to the position shown in .Fig. 1, where the elastic stop 7 at the other endof screw 5 prevents the screw 5 from jamming against the clutch-bar 20 upon the yield axially sufiiciently to insure their ready intermeshing with the screw-threads of the bore 26 of split-nut 25. It will thus be seen that I have overcome the difficulty of getting back into place without resistance, all the parts that exerted the pressure necessary to disconnect the clutch 25.

Where it is not desired to set a stud by thetension of a friction clutch, my invention can be used in the simple form of a positive stud with a positively driven stud-setter is that it may leave the stud loose in the hole that is too deep, or break off a stud in a hole that is not deep enough; so it will be seen how valuable my automatic frictional-opening device is, compared to using only the ositive portion of the device illustrated. owever, in many cases where small studs are put in, the body 8 and the split-nut clutch can be simply pulled apart by the operator raising the device off the stud when he sees that the stud has reached the desired depth.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is 1. The combination with a friction driving member, a friction drivenmember', an adjustable clamp to press the parts together, and a clutch to connect the friction driven member with an ultimately driven part, of means actuated by the driving friction member to disconnect said clutch during the independent rotation of the driving and driven friction members, substantially as described. 1

2. The combination with a friction driving member, a friction driven member, an adjustable clamp, and a clutch to connect the friction driven member with an ultimately driven part, of a screw actuated by the driving friction member and meshing with screwthreads carried by said clutch to move said parts axially apart to disconnect said clutch during the independent rotation of the driving and driven friction members, substantially as described. I

3. The combination with a friction driving member, a friction driven member, an adjustable clamp, and a screw connected to rotate with said friction driving member i &

'screw and of said split-nut clutch to pass freely by each other, substantially as de scribed.

, 4. The combination with a friction driving member, a friction driven member, an adjustable (clamp, and a screw connected to rotate in unison with said friction driving member and having a limited movement axially thereof, of a clutch to connect said friction driven member with an ultimately driven part, said clutch and said frictiondriven member being adapted to be moved axially apart by said screw during the independent rotation of said driving and driven friction members to disconnect said ultimately driven part from said friction driven member, substantially as described.

5. The combination with a friction driving member, a friction driven member, an adjustable clamp, and a jack-screw connected to rotate in unison with said friction driving member and having a limited movement axially thereof, of a split-nut clutch adapted to mesh with said screw, means to hold said split-nut clutch in mesh with said screw, means to permit said split-nut clutch to expand radially to clear the threads of said screw, a spring to move said jack-screw axially outward and an elastic stop to suspend the outward movement of said screw, to insure that the screw-threads of the ack-screw and split-nut clutch will remesh substantially as described.

6. The combination with a friction driving member, a friction driven member, an adjustable clamp, and a jack-screw connected to rotate in unison with said friction driving member and having a limited movement axially thereof,'of a screw-threaded split-nut clutch adapted to connect a screw-threaded stud with said friction driven member, said jack-screw being adapted to movesaid splitnut clutch and said friction-driven member axially apart during the independent rotation of said friction driving and driven members, and means to permit said split-nut clutch to expand radially to release said stud from said friction driven member, substantially as described.

7. The combination with a friction driving member; a friction driven member having inner and outer clutch-chambers located in line, the side Walls of the inner clutch-chamber providing internal thrust-faces and the outer clutch-chamber providing a lateral escapement beyond each associate internal thrust-face; and a jaek-screw connected to rotate in unison with the friction driving member and having a limited movement axially thereof; of a split-nut clutch provided with external thrust-faces adapted to bear upon said internal thrust-faces during operation, said j ack-screw being adapted to move said split-nut clutch and said friction driven member axially apart to bring said external thrust-faces out of line with said internal thrust-faces to permit the split-nut clutch to expand radially, substantially as described.

8. The combination with a body having inner and outer clutch-chambers located in line, the side walls of the inner clutch-chamber providing internal thrust-faces and the outer clutch chamber providing a lateral escapement beyond each associate internal thrust-face, of a split-nut clutch having an internally screw-threaded socket provided with an abutment to receive the thrust of a studmeshing with said screw-threads, said split-nut clutch being provided with external thrust-faces adapted to bear upon said internal thrust-faces during operation,v and said split-nut clutch being movable axially of said body to bring its external thrustfaces out of line with said internal thrustfaces to permit said split-nut clutch to expand radially, substantially as described.

9. The combination with a body having inner and outer clutch chambers located in line, the side walls of the inner clutch-chamber providing internal thrust-faces and the outer clutchchamber providing a lateral escapement beyond each associate internal thrust-face, of a split-nut clutch having an internally screw-threaded socket provided with an abutment to receive the thrust of a stud meshing with said screw-threads, said splitnut clutch being provided with exterr nal thrust-faces adapted to bear upon said internal thrust-faces during operation, and means to move said split-nut clutch and said body axially apart to disengage said thrustfaces to permit said split-nut clutch to expand radially, substantially as described.

10. The combination with a friction driven member having a clutch-chamber whose side walls provide a seriesvof inner and outer internal thrust-faces located in line and separated from each other by an intervening recess, an internally screw-threaded split-nut clutch connected to rotate in unison with the friction driven member and axially movable along said clutch-chamber, a driving frietion member, an adjustable clamp to press said friction members together, and a jackscrew adapted to mesh with said split-nut clutch and connected to rotate in unison with said driving friction member and to have limited movement axially thereof during the independent rotation of said friction members relatively to each other to move said split-nut clutch and said friction driven member axially along each other from the closed to the open position, the periphery of each section of the split-nut clutch being provided with a series of projections and indentures adapted to interlock with the corresponding side walls of the-clutel1chamber when the split-nut clutch is in the open position, the outer surfaces of said projections of the split-nut clutch providing inner and 927,029 a l a outer external thrust-faces located in line of said arts relatively to each other, suband adapted to secure a multi 1e bearing for stantial y as described.

each section of said split-nut clhtch upon the" side Walls of said clutch-chamber to preserve the alinement of the sections of the split-nut Witnesses:

clutch with each other and with sa1d jack- RICHARD WILKENS, screw during the axial and lateral movement D. J. WILSON.

FRANKLIN ALFRED ERRINGTON. 

